Migraines

What is a migraine?

Migraines are believed to be a neurologic condition with a strong genetic component that can increase sensitivity within the nervous system. This heightened sensitivity may affect cranial nerves involved in sensation around the eyes, face, and head, contributing to symptoms such as headaches, light sensitivity, dizziness, and visual disturbances.

A woman holding her head with a pained expression, indicating a headache or migraine, with redness on her forehead.

What factors can contribute to a migraine?

  • Psychological/Emotional

    • Stress, anxiety, trauma/shock, excitement

  • Hormone imbalance and fluctuations

  • Lifestyle habits

    • Diet and hydration

    • Sleep hygiene

  • Environmental Stimuli

    • Weather

    • Sensory overload

      • Sounds, smells, bright lights, busy environments/crowds

How is a vestibular migraine different?

Vestibular migraines are similar to traditional migraines but primarily affect the areas of the brain involved in balance and spatial awareness rather than vision alone. Symptoms may include dizziness, vertigo, ear fullness, and visual disturbances. They can occur with or without a headache!

How can physical therapy help?

Physical therapy for migraines focuses on improving symptom management and overall quality of life. Treatment is individualized and may include identifying triggers, addressing neck pain or stiffness, improving posture and movement mechanics, and treating vestibular or balance-related deficits through targeted exercises. Physical therapists also provide education on migraine management strategies and tools that may help reduce symptoms and improve daily function.